在北京翻译公司经常会遇到口译翻译，那么大家在选择口译翻译人员时，是如何判断口译翻译人员的优劣的呢?判断口译翻译的标准又是什么?

Interpreters are often encountered in Beijing translation companies. How do people judge the quality of interpreters when they choose interpreters? What are the criteria for judging interpreters?

自从严复提出了“信”、“达”、“雅”翻译三标准之后，翻译界尽管对“信、达、雅”的解释各有不同，但是大部分学者对这些标准所持的态度是肯定的。

Since Yan Fu put forward the three translation criteria of "faithfulness", "expressiveness" and "elegance", although the interpretations of "faithfulness", "expressiveness" and "elegance" vary, most of the scholars hold a positive attitude towards these criteria.

翻译能做到“信、达、雅”固然不错，问题在于翻译不是照相业的复制行当，难以做到“信、达、雅”三全。基于不同文化的各族语言在翻译过程中难保原汁原味原形原貌，因而“信、达、雅”只能是相对的。

The problem is that translation is not a copying business in the photographic industry, and it is difficult to achieve the "faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance". It is difficult for languages of different cultures to preserve their original form in the process of translation, so "faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance" can only be relative.

有时“信”虽然达标，而“达”和“雅”却有所不达，有所不雅。于是便出现了“信、达、雅”三标准之主从关系的争论。时至今日，争论仍在延续，焦点无非集中在翻译究竟应以“直译”还是“意译”为本的问题上。

Sometimes "letter" is up to standard, but "Da" and "elegance" are not satisfactory. Thus, the debate on the relationship between the principal and subordinate of the three criterion of "faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance" emerged. Nowadays, the controversy is still going on, and the focus is no more on whether translation should be based on literal translation or free translation.

其实，“信”、“达”、“雅”作为衡量笔译作品质量之优劣的三条标准，是一个互为依存、缺一不可的整体，片面强调“直译”或“意译”的孰主孰辅是无意义的。一篇上乘的译文从内容到形式都应忠实反映原文的内容和形式，都应被译文的读者所感知和理解。

As a matter of fact, "faithfulness", "expressiveness" and "elegance" are three criteria to judge the quality of translated works. They are interdependent and indispensable. It is meaningless to unilaterally emphasize "literal translation" or "free translation". A good translation should faithfully reflect the content and form of the original text from content to form, and should be perceived and understood by the readers of the translation.

译文的内容、精神和风格不可顾此失彼，应该基本做到“信”、“达”、“雅”。任何刻意的直译或意译行为，单方面地求“信”、“达”、“雅”中的某条标准，严格说来都不是真正意义上的翻译，而是“改译”或“编译”。

The content, spirit and style of the translation should not be neglected, but should be basically "faithful", "expressive" and "elegant". Any deliberate act of literal translation or free translation, which unilaterally seeks a certain standard in "faithfulness", "expressiveness" and "elegance", is strictly not a translation in the true sense, but a "translation" or "translation".

至于口译的标准，套用笔译的“信、达、雅”三原则是恰当的。口译不同于笔译，口译的“现时”、“现场”、“限时”的特点决定了口译的标准有别于笔译的标准。衡量口译质量的基本标准应该是“准确”和“流利”。

As for the standard of interpretation, the three principles of "faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance" are appropriate. Interpretation is different from translation. The characteristics of "present", "on-the-spot" and "time-limited" determine that the standards of interpretation are different from those of translation. The basic criteria for interpreting quality should be "accuracy" and "fluency".

首先，口译必须“准确”。不准确的口译可能是“胡译”，可能是“篡译”，也可能是“误译”，是不能容忍的。准确是口译的灵魂，是口译的生命线。准确要求译员将原语这一方的信息完整无误地传达给目标语的那一方。

First of all, interpretation must be "accurate". It is not tolerated that inaccurate interpretation may be "Hu" or "usurp" or "misinterpretation". Accuracy is the soul of interpretation and the lifeline of interpretation. It is exactly required that the interpreter convey the information of the original language to the target language completely and unmistakably.

具体说来，口译的准确涉及口译时的主题准确、精神准确、论点准确、风格准确、词语准确、数字准确、表达准确、语速准确以及口吻准确等方面。归根结底，准确的译语应该同时保持原语的意义和风格。准确的口译不仅是双语成功交际的保障，而且也是译员职业道德和专业水平的集中体现。

Specifically speaking, the accuracy of interpretation involves the accuracy of the subject, spirit, argument, style, words, figures, expression, speed and tone. In the final analysis, accurate translation should keep the meaning and style of the original language at the same time. Accurate interpretation is not only the guarantee of successful bilingual communication, but also the embodiment of professional ethics and professional level of interpreters.

准确的口译不仅体现了译员对交际活动的尊重和负责，而且也体现了译员对交际双方的尊重和负责。必须指出，我们所讲的准确性并非是那种机械刻板的“模压式”口译或“盖章式”口译。例如，对原语者明显的口吃，不可妄加模仿。如法炮制说话人的语疾不是忠实翻译，而是人身侮辱。对交际一方过快或过慢的语速、明显的口误或浓重的口音，译员也不可模压炮制，鹦鹉学舌般地如数传递给另一方。

Accurate interpretation not only reflects the interpreter's respect and responsibility for communicative activities, but also reflects the interpreter's respect and responsibility for both parties. It must be pointed out that the accuracy we are talking about is not the mechanical stereotype of "stamping" interpretation or "stamping" interpretation. For example, the stuttering of a native speaker must not be imitated. It is not a faithful translation, but a personal insult. The interpreter should not mold the speaker's accent, which is too fast or too slow for one party to communicate with, and the interpreter should not pass it on to the other side in a parrot-like manner.

“流利”是译员必须遵循的另一大标准。译员在确保“准确”口译的前提下，应该迅速流畅地将一方的信息传译给另一方。如果说“准确”也是笔译的基本要求，那么“流利”则充分体现了口译的特点。口译的现场性、现时性、即席性、限时性、交互性等因素要求口译过程宜短不宜长，节奏宜紧不宜松。口译是交际工具，工具的价值在于效用和效率。

"Fluency" is another standard that an interpreter must follow. On the premise of ensuring "accurate" interpretation, the interpreter should quickly and smoothly interpret one party's information to the other. If "accuracy" is also the basic requirement of translation, then "fluency" fully reflects the characteristics of interpretation. The factors of interpreting, such as on-the-spot, present, impromptu, time-limited and interactive, require that the process of interpreting should be short or not long, and the rhythm should be tight or not loose. Interpretation is a tool for communication. The value of tools lies in utility and efficiency.

工具首先得有效用，否则就不成其为工具，但有效用而无效率(或低效率)的工具决不是好工具。那么，如何来衡量口译的流利程度呢?口译的流利程度包括译员对原语信息的感知速度和解析速度，及其用目标语进行编码和表达的速度。

Tools must be effective first, otherwise they will not be tools, but effective and inefficient (or inefficient) tools are never good tools. Then, how to measure the fluency of interpretation? The fluency of interpretation includes the speed of the interpreter's perception and analysis of the source language information, and the speed of encoding and expressing the target language.

通常，口译时译员对母语信息的感知速度和解析速度快于对外语信息的感知速度和解析速度，同时用母语编码和表达的速度也快于用外语编码和表达的速度。

Generally speaking, interpreters perceive and analyze mother tongue information faster than they perceive and analyze foreign language information. At the same time, the speed of encoding and expressing in mother tongue is faster than that of encoding and expressing in foreign language.

在口译场合，译员对信息的感知和解析受到“现时”“限刻”的制约，无法“自由自在”地调节速度，所以必须同步加工。而在编码和表达阶段，由于译员可以自我控制速度，所以目标语为母语的口译所需要的时间相对少于目标语为外语的口译所需要的时间。

In interpreting situations, the interpreter's perception and analysis of information are restricted by the "present" and "limitation" and can not "freely" adjust the speed, so it must be processed synchronously. In the encoding and expression stage, because the interpreter can control his own speed, the time required for the target language to interpret is relatively less than the time required for the target language to interpret for a foreign language.

当然，口译的类型、内容、场合、对象、风格等因素都会对口译的速度产生影响，用同一把尺子来衡量不同类别的口译是不合理的。一般说来，我们可以依据译员所用的口译时间是否同发言者的讲话时间大体相等来衡量口译是否属于流利。以两倍于原语发言者的讲话时间进行口译者显然不能被视为流利。

Of course, the type, content, occasion, object and style of interpretation will affect the speed of interpretation. It is unreasonable to use the same ruler to measure different types of interpretation. Generally speaking, we can judge whether an interpreter is fluent according to whether he or she spends the same time as the speaker. Interpreters who are two times the speech time of the speakers of the original language can not be regarded as fluently.

以上介绍的就是北京翻译公司对口译

The above is the interpretation of Beijing translation company.